HIV and X-ray Crystallography Essay -- Biology AIDS

WHAT IS AIDS? AIDS stand for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ACQUIRED, how? The blood, vaginal fluid, semen, and breast milk of people with the AIDS virus contains enough of the virus to transmit it to another person. Most people who have acquired the AIDS virus have done so by having sex with an infected person, sharing a needle with one, or being born to a mother who is infected. IMMUNE DEFICIENCY? Catching the AIDS virus can be lethal because it affects the immune system, which is the system in the body that fights against diseases. A person with the AIDS virus has lower levels of CD4+ cells. These cells, commonly called "T-helper" cells are an essential part of the immune system. Normal people usually have between 500 to 1,500 CD4+ cells in a milliliter of blood. SYNDROME, what syndrome? A syndrome is a health related problem that accompanies a disease. Acquiring AIDS has many side affects. As the CD4+ levels in an AIDS patient decrease, side affects including fevers, night sweats, diarrhea or swollen lymph nodes increase. Some frequently asked questions Q: What's the difference between AIDS and HIV? A: AIDS is caused by the virus called the Human Immunodefiency Virus or HIV. HIV is a retrovirus. Initially when your body is infected with the virus, it takes time for it to take its toll on the immune system. At this point its affect may not be apparent for years. HIV becomes AIDS when one has less than 200 CD4+ cells per milliliter in their blood. Q: Can you tell whether a person has AIDS just by there physical appearance? A: No. You can't tell by simply looking at someone. They may appear completely healthy. Q: Is it possible to get AIDS by the transmission of fluids such as tears or saliv... ...osure of the gp41 ectodomain. Thus, the HIV virus invades a human cell and causes infection. Implications of this experiment Although the isolation and crystallization of the gp120-CD4 complex is a milestone for HIV research, there is still much work to be done. With further research of this nature, we can learn even more about the initial interactions between HIV and the human lymphocyte cells. The more we learn about these interactions, the closer researchers will come to developing some type drug to prevent infection. In this case the ultimate goal is to discover some type of chemical that will bind to gp120 and keep it from binding to CD4. However, as there is currently no cure for AIDS, and the drugs to ease the disease's symptoms tend to be quite expensive, it is crucial that each and every person be properly educated about AIDS prevention.

Chemistry Extra Credit

Tim Bruce The subject that I will be focusing on through the course of this extra credit paper, is one about the combination of Aerospace Engineering and Chemistry. Chose this particular topic because of my future life goals. Which include getting a degree in aerospace engineering. Also became interested while researching for this paper in a particular sub topic of the TV which is called aerodynamicist's.Aerodynamicist's is the study of gases which takes into account the effect of motion, heat, and chemical changes. Which is important to the field of aerospace engineering in the fact that aerospace engineers design aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and missiles. In addition, they test prototypes to make sure that they function according to design. So you can see how the two connect. But exactly what kind of chemistry is involved?Obviously chemistry is deep rooted into Aerospace technology. Aerodynamicist's primarily focuses on molecular interactions at typically high Mach Numbers, su ch as that seen in a combustion chamber of a rocket or that of a reentry vehicle. So although aerospace engineering is typically design and building oriented you would absolutely need a chemists back round when thinking about these types of things. Anything involving materials and processes also involves chemistry.Examples include, failure analysis of microcircuit packaging contaminant analysis, corrosion problems, electroplating and conversion coating problems, paint adhesion problems, thermoses polymer failures, evaluation of urological and thermal properties of prepares, adhesives, laminates and Adair absorbing coatings, soldering problems, firing pin failures, surface cleaning, alloy analysis, and process tank analysis. All of which are inside the aerospace field.But these are only a small amount of connections that Aerospace engineering and chemistry have together. But as stated before in the examples we see that included was a lot of rockets and when you think of rockets many will tend to think about NASA- Now NASA has been synonymous with space travel since its creation. But few tend to recognize he men behind the scene, when they see a space shuttle take off into orbit.The men and women of Aerospace engineering need to take into account not only the rocket but also the astronauts that pilot the space craft. When designing these machines, biological and chemical actions that will take place in the astronauts bodies. For instance what kind of chemical changes might happen to our bodies while piloting this space craft or how to limit the amount of g force put on the pilots as they take off and many many more factors.This diagram, although very simple to what aerospace engineers use, gives you a look into how many factors such as altitude, angle, speed, and maneuver time effects g force. So as you can see chemistry is deeply involved in the field of aerospace engineering. But not only that chemistry is involved in everything we do. It is everything, and ev erywhere.

Role of Youth in Enriching and Conserving Your Cultural...

Essay And Article On : Our Cultural Heritage !! March 24, 2012 By parm Leave a Comment inShare India Is A Unique Cultural Heritage !! A safe and secure society is needed for blossoming of arts and sciences. India has a rich cultural heritage. Though it has been subjected to a series of cultural invasions, yet it has retained its originality and traditional character even after absorbing the best of the external influences. India is the cradle of one of the earliest civilizations of the world – the Indus Valley Civilization. Essay And Article On : Our Cultural Heritage !! Cultural Heritage India is rich in spiritual aspect and we should not fall prey to the ill-effects of western culture. For thinking minds to blossom for arts and†¦show more content†¦Indian music is based on the concept of ragas and talas. There are two major schools of classical music – the Carnatic and the Hindustani. Indian musicians like Bhimsen Joshi, M.S. Subhalakshmi, Kishori Amonkar, Pt. ‘Jasraj, Ustad Amjad Ali Khan, Ustad Bismillah Khan, Ustad Zakir Hussain, Pt. Ravi Shankar and others have popularized our music in India and abroad. Dance in India has an unbroken tradition of over 2,000 years. Its themes are derived from mythology, legends and classical literature. There are two Cultural Heritagemain forms of dances in India. These are folk dance and classical dance. They are not simply the movement of legs and arms, but of the whole body. Most of the classical dances were first conceived’ and nurtured’ in the temples. They attained their full stature there. Classical dance forms are based on ancient dance discipline. Most of the Indian classical dance styles are depicted on the walls and pillars of the famous Indian temples. Music, dance and drama have been an integral part of Indian religious and secular life. Some well-known classical dancers are: Sanjukta Panigrahi, Sonal Man Singh, Birju Maharaj. Gopi Krishnan, Guru Bipin Sinha, Javeri Sisters, Kelucharan Mahapatra, etc. India has a rich literary heritage. India also has a rich regional literature. Regional literature in fact, has often contributed to the Fostering of a national identity and a national culture. India has always been a linguistically diverse community. Even in theShow MoreRelatedCorporate Structure of Yamaha23785 Words   |  96 PagesInitiatives at Offices Management of Water Resources Effective Use and Conservation of Water Resources Waste Management Waste Reduction and Resource Recycling Environmentally Friendly Products and Services Environmentally Friendly Products Conserving Wood Resources Environmental Communication Environmental Risk Management Environmental Education and Training Environmental Data (Environmental Data)Yamaha Group(1) (Environmental Data)Yamaha Group(2) (Environmental Data)Resort Facilities